Forging hammer



May 26, 1931- H. TERHUNE ,ffl,807,455

FORGING HAMMER Filed Dec. 23, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheej: A2

* l IMM@ www May 26, 1931.

H. TERHUNE 1,807,455

FORGING HAMMER Filed Dec. 25, 1926 SSheets-Sheet 3 Patented May 26, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT lori-ICE vz HOWARD TEBH'UNE, OF CHAMBERSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIST-NOR T0 CHAMBERS- BURG ENGINEEBIING COMQPANY,V OF CEMBERSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORSPORA- TION OF PENNSYLVANIA FORGING HAMIJHER Application led December 23, 1926.

This invention relates to improvements in forging hammers, and has a particular application to hammers employing a power cylinder for operating the ram. The inven- .Y

tion, however, `is not restricted in all its phases to a particular type of hammer.

One of the principal objects of the, invention is to provide novel and improved means for mounting and securing the ram-actuating cylinder on and to the frame of the hammer, and to this end, the invention contemplates the provision of novel means for interlocking the cylinder with theV frame to positively prevent relative transverse movement of these parts.

The invention further contemplates the provision of a novel and improvedform of tie plate to be placed intermediate the cylinder and the frame and having with the cylinder and with the frame interlocking means so as positively to prevent relative transverse movement of these-parts. Y

Another object ofthe invention is to provide a tie plate of novelran-d improved design less liable to fracture than tie plates as here.-

' tofore constructed. Y

'i BB Another object of the invention is to provide novel means whereby the transverse strains are removed from the boltswhich secure the cylinder to the frame.

A still further object of the invention is to provide novel means for preventing excessive strains between the anvil and the frame supported on the anvil, and to generally stabilize the hammer structure.

The invention further contemplates the provision of novel means for securing the rame to the anvil resulting inan anvil of greater strength and less liable to fracture than anvils as generally made prior to my invention. Y

In the attached drawings:

Figure 1 is a frontvelevation, partly sectloned of a forging Yhammer made in accordance with myinvention; u l v Fig. 2 is a view in perspective of a tie plate showing the details of the upper face thereof;

Fig. 3 is a view in perspective of a tie plate showing the details of the under side thereof; j 1

Serial No. 156,684.`

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the frame upon which the cylinder is mounted,the .cylinder and tie plate being removed;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary elevation partly in section illustrating a modification within the scope of the invention, and

Fig. .6 is a plan view of one of the frame pieces illustrated in Fig. 5.

Referring to the drawings, the 'hammer comprises in the embodiment illustrated an anvil l, a frame 2 seated on the anvil and in which a ram 3 is guided for vertical recipro cation, and a cylinder 4 mounted on the frame and having therein a piston (not shown) connected with the ram 3 through a connecting rod 5. Suitable means is provided including a manually Operated valve 6 for admitting an actuating fluid, suchV as stream, to the cylinder to actuate the ram as desired. Y

e The lcylinder 4 is secured to the frame 2 by means of bolts 7 and through the medium of a tie plate 8 which is interposed between the frame and the cylinder, as shown in Fig. 1. A preferred formof tie plate is illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3. The upper face of this plate, as shown in Fig. 2, is `formed with a central cylindrical recess 9 which isadapted to receive a depending cylindrical extension 11 at the bottom of the cylinder 4., as shown in Fig. 1. The uppervface of the tie plate is also formed at each `end with aninturned shoulder 12 which in assembly close ly abuts oppositely arranged 13 on the bottom of the cylinder casting, also as shown in Fig.A 1. VIt will be noted that the interlock between the cylindrical extension 11 on theV cylinder 4 and-the corresponding recess 9 in the tie plate effectively prevents relative transverse movement of the plate and cylinder inall directions, while the abutting shoulders 12-13 on the plate and-cylinder prevent turning of the cylinder on the tie plate about the extension 11, as well as further reinforcing the parts against relative transverse movement longitudinally of the plate.

The under side of the tie plate 8, as shown in Fig. 3, is formed with an inturned transverse shoulder 14 at each end which in the as sembly abuts opposing shoulders V15on the shoulders frame 2, and the under sides of the plates further comprise a pair of depending lugs 16 arranged inwardly of the shoulders ll and adapted to enter and closely tit recesses 17 at the top of the frame 2. It will be noted that the lugs 16 and the recesses 17 are so formed as to present opposing shoulders on the plate and frame effectively preventing transverse relative movement between the :trarne and the plate in directions both transversely and longitudinally of the plate, and that the shoulders 14 on the plate which engage the shoulders 15 on the frame also positively prevent transverse relative movements of the parts in a longitudinal direction.

By the aforedescribed construction, the tie plate is seated on the frame and the cylinder on the tie plate in such manner as to prevent relative movement of the parts in all transverse directions, the interlocking means being entirely independent of the securing bolts 7 so that no transverse strain comes upon these bolts.

It has been customary in the past to so construct the anvils of forging hammers of this general type that the die line, i. e., the horizontal line on which actual impact between the ram and the work normally occurs, was well above the plane in which the -frame seats on the anvil. This construction results in a tendency of the frames to rock and loosen under the shock of the hammer blows, especially for certain types of work. In the present instance, the anvil has been so constructed as to bring the die line approximately in the plane of the trame seat, it having been discovered that this construction greatly reduces the tendency of the frame to rock and shift as previously described. In the present instance, the anvil 1 is provided with a recess 18 for reception of a block 19 which supports the work, and the recess 18 is so related to the seat 21 of the frame on the anvil that the die line, indicated by the reference numeral 22, is approximately in line with the horizontal line of said seat. This, as stated above, results in the stabilization of the entire structure and reduces the tendency of the frames to change position on the seat 21 under t-he impact of the ram on the work.

In hammer design, it is an accepted principle that the force of the blow administered by the ram on the anvil is absorbed in an inscribed cone of approximately 90 degrees, which in the present instance is indicated by broken lines in Fig. 1 and designated by the reference numeral 23. In hammers ot' the type illustrated including the die notch 18, failures usually occur within the 90 degree truncated cone, the top of which lies at and is defined by the bottom of the said notch. The placing of the die line 22 in the plane of the frame seat as described above results in a general lowering of the theoretical working cone 23 of the anvil with respect to the :trame seat, and makes possible disposal of the bolts 24 which secure the frame 2 to the anvil 1 such that the said bolts liel entirely outside the working cone 23. In previous constructions, it has been practice, dictated at least in part by the fact that the die line occupied a position well above the frame seat, to have the nut pockets 25 for the bolts 24 within or closely adjacent to the said working cone, with the result that many failures occurred through these nut pockets. In the present construction, it will be noted that the pockets 25 and the bolts 241- are located entirely outside of and well away from the sides of the aforesaid cone 23 so that the strength ot' the anvil is in this respect greatly increased.

In Fig. 5 andV 6, I have illustrated a modilication of that part of the invention relating to the interlocking of the power cylinder and the frame. In this instance, the tie plate 8 is entirely eliminated, the cylinder 4a and the frame 2a being formed with interlocking means in accordance with the general principles described in connection with the tie plate 8. The cylinder 4a has, for example, depending lugs 16a similar to the lugs 16 on the tie plate 8 previously described, which fit into recesses 17a in the tops of the frame pieces. The cylinder and frame alsocomprise interlocking` shoulders 1110j and 150v respectively which interlock after the manner of the shoulders 14 and 15 on the tie plate 8 and frame 2 previously described. By this means, the cylinder and frame are interlocked against movement in all transverse directions entirely independent of the bolts which secure the cylinder and frame together.

There may be other modifications within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. An interlocking tie plate for the frames and head-piece of forging hammers, said plate having on its under side and at each end a transverse shoulder adapted or'interlocking engagement with oppositely arranged shoulders on the frame for preventingrelative movements of the frame and plate in both directions longitudinally of the plate, and having intermediate the side edges thereof depending lugs adapted for cooperative engagement with correspondingly formed recesses in the trame to prevent relative parallel lateral movement in both directions of the tie plate and the frame, said tie plate also having on its upper side shoulders extending both longitudinally and laterally for cooperative engagement with opposed shoulders on the head-piece to prevent relative movement of the head-piece and tie plate laterally and longitudinally of the plate in bot-h directions.

2. An interlocking tie plate for the frames and head-piece of forging hammers, said plate having on both its upper and under sides shoulders extending both longitudinally and laterally and adapted for cooperative engagement With opposed shoulders on the head-piece and on the frame respectively to prevent relative parallel movement of the head-piece and tie plate laterally and longitudinally of the plate in both directions.

3. In a forging hammer, and in combination with the frames and head piece of a forging hammer, a tie plate interposed between the frames and head piece, means upon the upper surface of the tie plate providing substantially vertically-directed oppositelyfacing pairsof shoulders, said pairs of shoulders being angularly related to one another, the head piece having shoulders for (3o-action with said pairs of shoulders whereby the head piece and tie plate are held against relative displacement in horizontal planes, corresponding shoulders formed on the under surface of the tie plate and oo-aoting with similar shoulders on the upper ends rof the frames whereby the frames and tie plate are held against relative horizontal displacement and means preventing relative vertical displacement of the frames, head piece and tie plate.

HOWARD TERHUNE. 

